Everything you need to know about yeast
What is yeast
Yeast is a single-celled microorganism that belongs to the fungus kingdom. Known scientifically as Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast is an essential component in baking and brewing. Its ability to ferment sugars and produce carbon dioxide and alcohol is what makes it invaluable in the kitchen and beyond. These tiny organisms, although invisible to the naked eye, play a massive role in food production and culinary arts.
What does yeast do
In baking, yeast acts as a leavening agent. When yeast ferments the sugars present in dough, it produces carbon dioxide and alcohol. The carbon dioxide gas gets trapped within the dough’s gluten network, causing the dough to rise and become light and airy. This process not only gives bread its volume but also contributes to its texture and flavor. The alcohol produced during fermentation evaporates during baking, leaving behind a rich, complex taste.
Types of yeast
- Active Dry Yeast: This type is the most common and widely used in home baking. It needs to be dissolved in warm water before being added to the dough.
- Instant Yeast: Also known as quick-rise or fast-acting yeast, this type can be mixed directly with dry ingredients. It works faster than active dry yeast, reducing rise times.
- Fresh Yeast: Also called cake yeast or compressed yeast, it is sold in solid blocks and is often used by professional bakers. It has a short shelf life and needs to be refrigerated.
- Wild Yeast: Found naturally in the environment, wild yeast is used in sourdough starters. It requires longer fermentation times but produces a unique flavor profile.
How to store yesat
Proper storage of yeast is crucial to maintain its viability and effectiveness. Here’s how to store different types of yeast:
- Active Dry and Instant Yeast: These types should be stored in a cool, dry place until opened. Once opened, transfer them to an airtight container and store in the refrigerator or freezer. This can extend their shelf life up to a year.
- Fresh Yeast: Always store fresh yeast in the refrigerator. Keep it in its original packaging or wrap it tightly in plastic wrap to prevent it from drying out. Use it within a few weeks of purchase.